RENEWABLE
ENERGY
Renewable energy, often referred to as clean energy, comes from
natural sources or processes that are constantly replenished. For example,
sunlight or wind keep shining and blowing, even if their availability depends
on time and weather.
Types of Renewable Energy Sources (RES):
- Solar Power: Solar energy is a clean
energy as it produces no harmful solid, liquid or gas wastes and does not
create pollution. Solar power can be produced through PV cell which is
made of semiconductor and Energy Collectors classified into parabolic
trough, parabolic, tower and parabolic disc system etc. With 300 clear
sunny days. The solar power on the surface of the earth is 1016 W
whereas the total worldwide power demand for all needs of civilization is 1013 W.
Therefore, the sun gives us 1000 times more power than we actually need.
2. Wind Power: Wind energy is turning out
to be a very promising alternative energy technology of the future. Over the
years, there has been considerable increase amount of energy produced by
wind-driven turbines due to recent advancement in the turbine technologies.
Although India is a relative newcomer to the wind industry compared with
Denmark or the US, domestic policy support for wind power has led India to
become the country with the fourth largest installed wind power capacity in the
world.. Wind power accounts for 10% of India's total installed power capacity.
India has set an ambitious target to generate 60,000 MW of electricity from
wind power by 2022. MNRE announced a new wind-solar hybrid policy in May 2018
which means that the same piece of land will be used to house both wind farms
and solar panels.
- Bio Energy: Biomass is a resource of
renewable energy that is derived from carbonaceous waste of various human
and natural activities. Bio energy encompasses biomass power, bagasse
cogeneration, waste to energy, biomass gasifier, bio ethanol, bio diesel
etc. Biomass takes carbon out of the atmosphere while it is growing, and
returns it as it is burned. Given its tropical location and abundant
sunshine and rains, India is an ideal environment for Biomass production.
It is estimated that the potential for biomass energy in India includes
16,000 MW from biomass energy and a further 3,500 MW from bagasse
cogeneration.
- Small Hydro Power (SHP): India is the 7th largest
producer of hydroelectric power in the world. Hydro projects in India
under 25MW capacity are classified as ‘Small Hydro Power’ and is
considered as a ‘renewable energy’. SHP units with a total capacity of 6,780 MW have been installed up till now.
5.
Hydropower: Utilizes moving water to produce electricity.
Moving water creates high energy that can be harnessed and turned into power.
6.
Ocean: Takes advantage of rising and falling of tides to
generate electricity
7.
Geothermal: Leverages heat from underneath the earth to
generate electricity.
As per the research by University of Technology (LUT) in
Finland, owning to an abundance of renewable
resources, there is a great potential for India to move into a fully renewable electricity system by 2050.
This is possible if we can employ sophisticated technologies. Renewable
energy’s development in India looks bright as around 293 global and domestic
companies have committed to generate 266 GW of solar, wind, mini hydel and
biomass-based power in India over the next decade. This would entail an
investment of $310 billion - $350 billion (Euros 27 billion to Euros 30
billion). The International Finance Corporation, the investment arm of the
World Bank Group, is planning to invest about $6 billion (Euros 5 billion) by
2022 in several sustainable and renewable energy programs in India. With the
investment potential of INR 15 trillion (Euros 187 billion) over the next four
to five years in Indian power sector indicates immense opportunities in power
generation, distribution, transmission and equipment.
Prime
Minister Narendra Modi, at
the United Nations Climate Action Summit in New York, committed to increasing
India’s renewable energy (RE) target to 450 Giga Watts (GW) as a part of a
stronger climate action plan.He pointed to the significance of practice over
preaching, reminding the world leaders how India is inching towards its goal of
175 GW RE by 2022. The Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) has
reportedly already initiated drafting plans and policies to meet the new
escalated target.
·
India is also the home to the world's first and only 100%
solar powered airport, located at Cochin, Kerala. India also has a wholly 100%
solar powered railway station in Guwahati, Assam.
1.
Renewable energy
is eco-friendly:-
It is
a clean source of energy, meaning, it has low or zero carbon and greenhouse
emission. Fossil fuels emit high levels of greenhouse gas and
carbon dioxide, which are greatly responsible for global warming, climate
change, and degradation of
air quality. Fossil fuels also contribute to sulfur emission to the
atmosphere leading to acid rains. Acid rains can
cause damage to buildings. Solar and wind power are considered eco-friendly
because they emit zero toxic gases to the environment.
It’s a renewable resource:-
This
implies that they do not deplete over a lifetime and there is zero possibility
that they will run out (sustainable source of energy). Sources of energy
like fossil fuels (oil,
gas, and coal) are considered limited resources and there is strong possibility
that they will run out in the future.
3.
Renewable energy
is a reliable source of energy:-
In
the previous few decades, the use of fossil fuel has sharply increased. This
over-reliance on fossil fuels has led to our security being threatened. Fossils
fuels are prone to trade disputes, political instabilities, spike in energy
prices and unnecessary wars. These variables affect a lot more than a nation’s
energy policies; they can significantly drain a county’s economy.
4.
Leads to job
creation:-
Renewable
energy makes real economic sense because it is a cheaper alternative to most
traditional sources of energy. Since the inception of renewable energy, new and
stable jobs have been added to most world economies. For, instance, in Germany
and UK, many jobs have already been created thanks to their relentless efforts
to develop and encourage the use of renewable forms of energy. Experts project that with the ongoing
rigorous campaigns to embrace renewable energy, thousands of stable jobs will
be created.
5.Less
maintenance of facilities:-
Once
infrastructure for the harnessing of the renewable resource is laid down, there
is low to zero maintenance required. This means that the owners of the
facilities will reap big profits while providing cheap electricity to the population.
Cultural
biomass.
This comment has been removed by a blog administrator.
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